Pathology of acute laryngitis

Outline

The main lesion of laryngitis is mucositis. The inflammatory process may be localized in the mucosa or spread to the lower layer. Progress from congestion, oedema, mucosal ulcers to myositis, cartilage necrosis. Clinical acute laryngitis manifests itself in various forms which can be classified as:

Acute laryngitis in adults.

Acute laryngitis in children.

Secondary laryngitis.

Laryngeal oedema.

Acute laryngitis in adults

In acute laryngitis in adults common:

Laryngitis secretory.

Laryngitis caused by the flu.

Laryngitis oedema.

Acute laryngitis secretion

Reason

Often the cold season is often severe inflammation, the lesions can be from the nose to the larynx, more men than women because of the arising conditions such as smoking, drinking alcohol, working in a dusty place, cold wind.

Also, the cause is a virus.

Symptom

Body

Chills, aching, tired limbs.

Function: starts suddenly with a feeling of dry throat, painful swallowing, hoarseness or loss of voice accompanied by coughing, sputum production.

Entity

Hypertrophic mucosa, red vocal cord, oedematous submucosa, dense mucus secretion in posterior edge and vocal cord.

Semi-paralyzed muscles (the funnel-shaped muscles) and the muscles that close (the funnel muscles).

Developments

The disease progresses in 3-4 days, symptoms will decrease, congestion gradually fades, the voice usually recovers slowly.

Treatment

Limit your speaking.

Nebulizers: antibiotics and corticosteroids.

Cough relief.

Pain relief.

Spray Adrenalin 1/1000.

Oriental medicine eats freshly baked lemon

Laryngitis caused by the flu

Reason

Laryngitis caused by influenza virus or virus combined with common bacteria. Blister often spreads down the trachea.

Symptom

The clinical form of influenza-induced laryngitis is very rich, it varies depending on the type of bacteria that coordinate.

Excretion possible

The symptom resembles normal secretory laryngitis, but when we think about the cause of the flu, it is because of the flu, sometimes we see spots of bleeding under the mucosa (this is a sign of laryngitis caused by the flu).

Enema

This form is usually followed by secretions, oedema in the phlegmon and posterior cartilage, the mucous membrane is stretched, red, the patient swallows pain and sometimes difficulty breathing.

Ulcerative form

Physical symptoms include superficial red sores in the funnel cartilage, serous funnel splint.

Inflammatory form

High fever, rapid pulse.

Difficulty swallowing, sore throat, hoarse voice, laryngeal difficulty breathing.

Painful swelling of the anterior larynx.

Prognosis

Depending on the lesion and the disease.

Prognosis is good.

oedema, ulcers, necrosis with conservative prognosis.

Treatment

Nebulized antibiotics and corticosteroids.

If there is an abscess to inject the pus.

Laryngitis oedema

The real larynx is the doorway of the front larynx, so it is easily inflamed or oedematous.

Symptom

The patient feels phlegm when swallowing a throbbing pain in the ear. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed that the throat was swollen and juicy like a sesame lip.

Treatment

Anti-inflammatory, reduced oedema.

Spray: cocaine and adrenalin.

Acute laryngitis in children (laryngitis oedematous subglottic)

Diagnose

The prominent, worrying symptom is difficulty breathing. Sudden or continuing difficulty breathing after a common "cold" episode. Difficulty breathing, accompanied by contraction in the fossa on the sternum, on the chest, intercostal and under the breast, there is a hissing sound. Voices cannot change much just deeper. The cough is often "the man".

The exam should be light and quick. How difficult is it to be assessed and how does it affect your overall condition? Are children awake or lethargic? lie still or struggle? Do not examine the larynx at this time, very dangerous and useless, because there is the risk of making the child cry and cry, appear laryngeal spasm, the difficulty of breathing worsens. It is necessary to quickly assess the following signs: a difficult breathing time of 1 hour or more is a serious illness, the child is exhausted, signs of cyanosis, sweating, rapid pulse, increased blood pressure. Pale blue skin, irregular breathing, sometimes stopping breathing for more than 20 seconds. If there are signs above, the child may be able to stop breathing, cardiac arrest for a while.  

Treatment

Fast-acting corticosteroids (Depersolon), antibiotics, antispasmodics (Antihistamines or Gardenal). Usually, within 30-40 minutes, dyspnoea will decrease. If not, the trachea should be intubated or tracheostomy. Then continue taking corticosteroids for 4-5 days, when the disease has stabilized, should consider the VA curettage problem if any.