Reduced vision: signs of symptoms and causes

Description

Eyesight is an important indicator of the eye. Visual acuity was measured using the Snellen board. Amblyopia is characteristic of a patient who is unable to read the 6/9 line or has a significant change in vision due to the basal membrane. Patients with refractive error use glasses or use concave refractometers during the examination to compensate for the refractive error.

Causes

Often met

Bilateral occipital lobe infarction.

Bilateral occipital lobe haemorrhage.

Inflammation of the optic nerve.

Increased intracranial pressure (eg, spontaneous increase in intracranial pressure, mass lesions).

Less common

Visual migraine headache.

AION.

Corner syndrome.

Mass lesions (eg, tumour, abscess, AVM).

Cerebral venous sinus obstruction.

Figure. Snellen board

Figure. Eye surgery

Figure. Visual transmission path

Mechanism

Causes of vision loss include:

Lesions before one or two-sided interference.

Damage after bilateral interference.

Intersection and after unilateral visual interference usually does not cause vision loss. They often cause more drop in the market.

Lesions before one or two-sided interference

Damage before unilateral interference (eg, glioma of the vision, optic neuritis) causes unilateral vision loss. Combined symptoms may include papular oedema, optic nerve atrophy, and afferent pupil reflex damage (RAPD). The intracranial segment of the optic nerve is nourished by the anterior cranial artery branches, the median cranial branch, and the anterior catheterization artery. Because of this extensive blood supply, infarction injury is quite rare.

Damage after bilateral interference

Lesions of the bilateral occipital lobe (eg, infarction, haemorrhage) cause cortical blindness. The patient may not be aware of this abnormality (also called anosognosia).

Meaning

According to a study of 317 patients, visual acuity near 6/12 (or 20/40) or worse had a sensitivity of 75%, a specificity of 74%, and LR = 2.8 for the detection of significant eye disease. means. 6/9 (or 20/30) or worse vision had 74% sensitivity, 73% specificity, and LR = 2.7 with detection of significant eye disease.

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