Retinopathy is caused by hypertension and micro aneurysms

Retinopathy is caused by increased blood pressure

Are associated with the pathological changes seen in retinal blood vessels due to (or as an indicator of) increased blood pressure. Several signs are also used as indicators of the severity of high blood pressure.

There has been a renewed interest in retinopathy due to hypertension as a marker, prognosis, and risk factor for the disease.

Retinopathy caused by mild and moderate hypertension increases the risk of high blood pressure 1-2 times.

Retinopathy caused by mild and moderate hypertension increases the risk of stroke 1-8 times.

Retinopathy caused by mild hypertension increases the risk of coronary artery disease by 2-3 times.

Retinopathy caused by moderate hypertension increases the risk of cognitive decline.

Microaneurysm

Description

Small, round, dark red spot on the surface of the retina that is smaller than the diameter of the main venous vein. They often herald progression to the secretory phase of hypertensive retinopathy.

Spot and stains hemorrhages and microaneurysms

Causes

Diabetes.

Hypertension.

Mechanism

As hypertensive retinopathy progresses, there is ischemia and vascular smooth muscle degeneration due to capillary blockage, endothelial cell necrosis, and the formation of small aneurysms.